Space Maintainers and Habit Appliances
It is important to preserve the gap left by your child's back tooth if it has fallen out prematurely due to decay or an accident. Failing to do so can lead to potential dental issues and space loss when their permanent teeth begin to come in. Using a space maintainer is crucial in preventing the surrounding teeth from shifting, which can impact the proper eruption of the permanent tooth and increase the likelihood of needing orthodontic treatment.
Types of Space Maintainers
Space maintainers can be made of stainless steel and/or plastic, and can be either Removable or Fixed (cemented to the teeth).
Removable space maintainers are a suitable choice for older children who can reliably follow directions. They resemble a retainer and include plastic blocks to fill the gap left by the missing tooth.
Fixed space maintainers come in various designs. A band-and-loop maintainer is made of stainless steel wire and is held in place by a crown or band on the adjacent tooth. The wire rests against the side of the tooth on the other end of the space.
A lingual arch is used on the lower teeth when the back teeth on both sides of the jaw are lost. It prevents teeth from shifting into the gap by placing a wire on the lingual side of the arch and attaching it to the tooth in front of the open space on both sides.
In cases where a second primary molar is lost before the eruption of the first permanent molar, a distal shoe may be recommended. This appliance has a metal wire inserted slightly under the gum to prevent the space from closing.
Caring for Your Child’s Space Maintainer
Here are four important guidelines to follow when caring for your child's appliance:
1. Remind your child to avoid sticky foods like candy and chewing gum.
2. Encourage your child not to push or tug on the space maintainer with their fingers or tongue.
3. Make sure your child keeps their space maintainer clean by brushing and flossing regularly.
4. Remember to schedule regular dental visits for your child with the pediatric dentist.